Invitro Evaluation & Antimicrobial Activity of Citrullus Species (C. colocynthis and C. lanatus)

Home > 2023, Vol. 11 No. 01 > Invitro Evaluation & Antimicrobial Activity of Citrullus Species (C. colocynthis and C. lanatus)

Published: April 10, 2023

Download PDF

Download XML | Download HTML

Authors

Harinderjit Singh and Hayat M. Mukhtar

DOI Number
https://doi.org/10.15415/jprtm.2023.111002

Keywords
Citrullus species, Antimicrobial Activity, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Cup & Plate Method

Abstract

Background: Citrullus Species (C. colocynthis & C.lanatus) commonly belong to the Cucurbitaceae family. Traditionally, Citrullus plants have been used for a diverse range of therapeutic activities like antibacterial, larvicidal, antilipidemic, etc. On reviewing the literature available online; it was visible that evaluation of antimicrobial activity of Citrullus species based on geographical variation has not been carried out till date.

Purpose: This paper seeks to comprehensively discuss and evaluate the antimicrobial action of Citrullus species from various geographical locations of India, such as Rajasthan, Punjab, and Haryana.

Methods: Soxhlet extraction technique was utilized to prepare the extracts as per authentic& standard guidelines. The obtained fractions were then subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening studies, followed by evaluation of antimicrobial action using a well-established Cup and Plate Method.

Results: Higher antimicrobial activity was observed for ethyl acetate extract, as compared to the acetone and methanol extract. It was also seen that the antimicrobial activity of the plants from Rajasthan surpassed the samples collected from Punjab and Haryana. The phytochemical screening studies involving ethanol and ethyl acetate fractions depicted the existence of phytoconstituents like tannins, flavonoids and quercetin.

Conclusions: The antibacterial activity of fractions of C. Colocynthis and C. Lanatus fruits was found to be more potent for the ethyl acetate extract against Escherichia coli as compared to Staphylococcus aureus. The existence of compounds such as tannins, flavonoids etc., in the extracts, may be the reason for the scientifically documented pharmacological profile of different Citrullus species.

References

Agarwal, V., Sharma, A. K., Upadhyay, A., Singh, G., & Gupta, R. (2012). Hypoglycemic effects of Citrullus colocynthis roots. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica – Drug Research, 69(1), 75–79.
Altaş, S., Kizil, G., Kizil, M., Ketani, A., & Haris, P. I. (2011). Protective effect of diyarbakir watermelon juice on carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity in rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49(9), 2433–2438.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.064
Amrita Kumari , Juhi Rao , Jyoti Kumari , Neha Sharma , Pankaj Jain , Vivek Dave, S. S. (2013). (2013). Analgesic Activity of Aqueous Extract of Citrullus Lanatus Peels. Advances in Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 1(3), 135–138.
https://doi.org/10.13189/app.2013.010303
Deshmukh, C. D., Jain, A., & Tambe, M. S. (2015). Phytochemical and Pharmacological profile of Citrullus lanatus ( THUNB ). Biolife, 3(2), 483–488. https://doi.org/10.17812/blj2015.32.18
FARNSWORTH, N. R., & CONTENTS. (1966). Biological and Phytochemical Screening of Plants. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 55(3712), 874–875. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.151.3712.874
Hamid, R., & Mehmannavaz, R. (2015). Evaluation of Antifungal activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of Citrullus colocynthis fruit. Perspectives in Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2015.01.003
Kolipaka, U. M., Singh, H., Kumar, A., Venkata, M., & Sai, S. (2023). Studies on antimicrobial activity of Citrullus vulgaris ( Watermelon ) Seeds Extract on selected Bacteria. Eur. Chem. Bul, 12(4), 6459–6465.
Kumar, D., Jamwal, A., Madaan R., &Kumar, S. (2014). Estimation of Total Phenols and Flavonoids in Selected Indian Traditional Plants. Journal of Pharmaceutical Technology, Research and Management, 2(1), 77–86. https://doi.org/10.15415/jptrm.2014.21006
Kumar, R. D., & Kumar, S. (2017). Screening of antidepressant activity and marker-based standardization of baptisia tinctoria (L.) R. Vent. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 79(3), 395–401. https://doi.org/10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000242
Madhavi, P., R. M. and V. K. (2012). Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Citrullus lanatus seed oil by in-vivo and in-vitro models. Int. Res. J. Pharm. Appl. Sci., 2, 104–108. https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i5.16708
Mohan, S., & Nandhakumar, L. (2014). Role of various flavonoids: Hypotheses on novel approach to treat diabetes. Journal of Medical Hypotheses and Ideas, 8(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmhi.2013.06.001
Oberley, L.W. Olamide, A.A., Olayemi, O.O., & Demetrius, O. O. (2011). Effects of methanolic extract of Citrullus lanatus seed on experimentally induced prostatic hyperplasia. European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 1(4), 171–179. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8655
Oluwole, F. S., Balogun, M. E., & Temitope, A. G. (2013). Antisecretory Effects of Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ) Juice in Male Albino Rats. Annual Review & Research in Biology, 3(4), 358–366.
Ordoñez, A. A. L., Gomez, J. D., Vattuone, M. A., & Isla, M. I. (2006). Antioxidant activities of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz extracts. Food Chemistry, 97(3), 452–458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.05.024
Poduri, A., Rateri, D. L., Saha, S. K., Saha, S., & Daugherty, A. (2013). Citrullus lanatus “sentinel” (watermelon) extract reduces atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 24(5), 882–886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.05.011
Pourreza, N. (2013). Phenolic compounds as potential antioxidant. Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products, 8(4), 149–150.
https://doi.org/10.17795/jjnpp-15380
Rahman, H., Manjula, K., Anoosha, T., Nagaveni, K., Chinna Eswaraiah, M., & Bardalai, D. (2013). In-vitro anti-oxidant activity of Citrullus lanatus seed extracts. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 6(3), 152–157.
Sharma, S., V. Dave, S. Paliwal, J. D. and S. J. (2014). Gastroprotective activity of reconstituted red fruit pulp concentrate of Citrullus lanatus in rats. An. Sci. Life, 34, 103–108. https://doi.org/ 10.4103/0257-7941.153472.
Tapas, A., Sakarkar, D., & Kakde, R. (2006). Flavonoids as nutraceuticals. The Science of Flavonoids, 7(September), 213–238.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-28822-2_8
Thaipong, K., U. Boonprakob, K. Crosby, L. C.-Z. and D. H. B. (2006). Comparison of ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC assays for estimating antioxidant activity from guava fruit extracts. J. Food Compos. Anal.,19, 669-675.
Thirunavukkarasu, P., Ramanathan, T., Ravichandran, N., & Ramkumar, L. (2010). Screening of Anti-microbial Effect in Watermelon (Citrullus sp.). Journal of Biological Sciences, 10 (7), 682–685. https://doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2010.682.685
Varghese, S., Narmadha, R., Gomathi, D., Kalaiselvi, M., & Devaki, K. (2013). Phytochemical screening and HPTLC finger printing analysis of Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) seed. Journal of Acute Disease, 2(2), 122–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2221-6189(13)60111-0
Ij, Odiong., Braide(Dr), Wesley.,& Solomon, Oranusi. (2012). Phytochemical and Antibacterial properties of the seed of watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ). Prime Journal of Microbiology Research (PJMR), 2(3), 99–104.
Khatibi, R., & Teymorri., J. (2011). Anticandidal screening and antibacterial of Citrullus colocynthis in South East of Iran. Journal of Horticulture and Forestry, 3(13), 392–398.https://doi.org/10.5897/JHF11.030

How to Cite

Harinderjit Singh and Hayat M. Mukhtar. Invitro Evaluation & Antimicrobial Activity of Citrullus Species (C. colocynthis and C. lanatus). J. Pharm. Technol. Res. Manag.. 2023, 11, 19–26

Invitro Evaluation & Antimicrobial Activity of Citrullus Species (C. colocynthis and C. lanatus)

Current Issue

Periodicity	Biannually
Issue-1	May
Issue-2	November
ISSN Print	2321-2217
ISSN Online	2321-2225
RNI No.	CHAENG/2013/50088

OA Policy

Publisher's policy of the journal at Sherpa UK for the submitted, accepted, and published articles. Click OAPolicy

Plan-S Compliance

To check compliance, one has to use the Journal Check Tool (JCT). This tool provided by cOAlition S (European funders) for the researchers (fundee) to check the compliance with the journal.

Recommend journal to your library

You can recommend the journal being a researcher or faculty member to your library. We will post a copy of the Journal to your library on your behalf at free of cost.
Click here: Recommend Journal

Preprint Arxiv Submission

The authors are encouraged to submit the author’s copy (preprint) to appropriate preprint archives e.g. https://arxiv.org and/or on https://indiarxiv.org or institutional repositories (e.g., D Space) before paper acceptance by the editor of Journal. After publications of the paper author(s) should mention the citation information, title and abstract along with DOI number of the publication carefully on the required page of the depository(ies).

Contact: Phone: +91-172-2741000, +91-172-4691800

Email : editor.jptrm@chitkara.edu.in;

Abstract and Indexing

Information

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Articles in Journal of Pharmaceutical Technology, Research and Management (J. Pharm. Tech. Res. Management) by Chitkara University Publications are Open Access articles that are published with licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- CC-BY 4.0 International License. Based on a work at https://jptrm.chitkara.edu.in/. This license permits one to use, remix, tweak and reproduction in any medium, even commercially provided one give credit for the original creation.

View Legal Code of the above-mentioned license, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode

View Licence Deed here https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/