Antimicrobial Activity of Juglans regia Root Bark Extracts

Home > 2020, Vol. 8 No. 2 > Antimicrobial Activity of Juglans regia Root Bark Extracts

Published: November 17, 2020

Download PDF

Download XML | Download HTML

Authors

Aadil Wani Department of Pharmacology, Swift School of Pharmacy, Ghaggar Sarai, Rajpura, Punjab-140401, India
Manish Kumar Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401, India

DOI Number
https://doi.org/ 10.15415/jptrm.2020.82007

Keywords
J. regia, Extract, Root bark, Methanol, S. typhi

Abstract

Background: Juglans regia tree is widely found in several parts of India, Europe and Central Asia. Different parts of J. regia are rich sources of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, amino acids, and terpenoids. J. regiais has antiasthmatic, anti-atherosclerotic, antihypertensive, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, osteoblastic, and wound healing activities. The bark and roots are used against tooth decay and ringworm infection.

Purpose: In the present study we evaluated antibacterial and antifungal activities of J. regia root bark.

Methods: Extracts of root bark of J. regia were prepared using methanol, water, and petroleum ether. Methanolic and aqueous extracts in concentrations 50, 100 and 200 mg/ml were tested against three Gram negative bacterial strains (S. typhi, P. vulgaris, and E. coli), one Gram positive strain (S. aureus) and fungi (S. cerevisiae, P. chrysogenum, and A. fumigatus).

Results: The extracts effectively inhibited growth of cultured microorganisms. Methanolic extracts showed maximum zone of inhibition (ZOI) for all the microorganisms ranging from 12.8 – 17.0 mm. Aqueous extract disclosed maximum effectiveness against S. typhi.

Conclusions: Quantification of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) revealed potent antibacterial activities of methanolic extracts (200 mg/ml) of J. regia root bark.

References

Abdallah, I. B., Baatour, O., Mechrgui, K., Herchi, W., Albouchi, A., & Chalghoum, A. (2016). Essential oil composition of walnut tree (Juglans regia L.)’ leaves from Tunisia. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 28, 545-550. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2016.1166157
Abu Taha, N., & Al-Wadaan, M. A. (2011). Utility and importance of walnut, Juglans regia Linn: A review. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 5(32), 5796-5805. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJMR11.610
Ahmad, H., Khan, I., & Wahid, A. (2012). Antiglycation and antioxidation properties of Juglans regia and Calendula officinalis: Possible role in reducing diabetic complications and slowing down ageing. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 32(3), 411-414. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6272(13)60047-3
Ahmed, H. (2015). Phenolics profile and content of walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaves in different cultivars grown in Iran. Global Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 3(2), 120-127.
Amaral, J. S., Casal, S., Pereira, J. A., Seabra, R. M., & Oliveira, B. P. (2003). Determination of sterol and fatty acid compositions, oxidative stability, and nutritional value of six walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars grown in Portugal. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51(26), 7698-7702. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf030451d
Amirou, A., Bnouham, M., Legssyer, A., Ziyyat, A., Aziz, M., Berrabah, M., & Mekhfi, H. (2018). Effects of Juglans regia root bark extract on platelet aggregation, bleeding time, and plasmatic coagulation: In Vitro and Ex Vivo experiments. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2018, 7313517. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7313517
Barry, A. J., Garcia, F. & Thrupp, L. D. (1970). Interpretation of sensitivity test results. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 53, 140.
Bhalodia, N. R., & Shukla, V. J. (2011). Antibacterial and antifungal activities from leaf extracts of Cassia fistula l.: An ethnomedicinal plant. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research, 2(2), 104-109. https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.82956
Colaric, M., Veberic, R., Solar, A., Hudina, M., & Stampar, F. (2005). Phenolic acids, syringaldehyde, and juglone in fruits of different cultivars of Juglans regia L. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53(16), 6390-6396. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf050721n
Debalke, D., Birhan, M., Kinubeh, A., & Yayeh, M. (2018). Assessments of antibacterial effects of aqueous-ethanolic extracts of Sida rhombifolia’s aerial part. The Scientific World Journal, 2018, 8429809. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8429809
Delaviz, H., Mohammadi, J., Ghalamfarsa, G., Mohammadi, B., & Farhadi, N. (2017). A review study on phytochemistry and pharmacology applications of Juglans regia plant. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 11(22), 145-152. https://doi.org/10.4103/phrev.phrev_10_17
Devi, T. N., Apraj, V., Bhagwat, A., Mallya, R., Sawant, L., & Pandita, N. (2011). Pharmacognostic and phytochemical investigation of Juglans regia Linn bark. Pharmacognosy Journal, 3(25), 39-42. https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2011.25.7
Ebrahimiyan, H., Bahaoddini, A., Mohammadi, J., & Mohammadiyan, M. (2016). The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Juglans regia L. leaf on blood pressure and its interaction with adrenergic system of male rats. Tehran University Medical Journal, 73(12), 895-899
Eidi, A., Moghadam, J. Z., Mortazavi, P., Rezazadeh, S., & Olamafar, S. (2013). Hepatoprotective effects of Juglans regia extract against CCl₄-induced oxidative damage in rats. Pharmaceutical Biology, 51(5), 558-565. https://doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2012.749920
Fathi Azad, F., Garjani, A., Motevalian Naeini, A. (2006). Study of hypoglycemic activity of the hydroalcholic extract of Juglans regia in normal and diabetic rats. Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2, 13-17.
Fukuda, T., Ito, H., & Yoshida, T. (2003). Antioxidative polyphenols from walnuts (Juglans regia L.). Phytochemistry, 63(7), 795-801. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(03)00333-9
Hosseini, S., Jamshidi, L., Mehrzadi, S., Mohammad, K., Najmizadeh, A. R., Alimoradi, H., & Huseini, H. F. (2014). Effects of Juglans regia L. leaf extract on hyperglycemia and lipid profiles in type two diabetic patients: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 152(3), 451-456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.01.012
Jahanban-Esfahlan, A., Ostadrahimi, A., Tabibiazar, M., & Amarowicz, R. (2019). A comparative review on the extraction, antioxidant content and antioxidant potential of different parts of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) fruit and tree. Molecules, 24(11), 2133. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24112133
Jaiswal, B. S., & Tailang, M. (2017). Juglans regia: A review of its traditional uses phytochemistry and pharmacology. Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 07(09), 390-398. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1036380
Manandhar, S., Luitel, S., & Dahal, R. K. (2019). In Vitro antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants against human pathogenic bacteria. Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2019, 1895340. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1895340
Mohamed, E. A. A., Muddathir, A. M. & Osman, M. A. (2020) Antimicrobial activity, phytochemical screening of crude extracts, and essential oils constituents of two Pulicaria spp. growing in Sudan. Scientific Reports, 10, 17148. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74262-y
Pereira, J. A., Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Valentão, P., Andrade, P. B., Ferreira, I. C., Ferreres, F., Bento, A., Seabra, R., & Estevinho, L. (2007). Walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaves: phenolic compounds, antibacterial activity and antioxidant potential of different cultivars. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 45(11), 2287-2295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2007.06.004
Pistelli, L., Bertoli, A., Lepori, E., Morelli, I., & Panizzi, L. (2002). Antimicrobial and antifungal activity of crude extracts and isolated saponins from Astragalus verrucosus. Fitoterapia, 73(4), 336-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0367-326x(02)00087-4
Raja, G., Shaker, I. A., Sailaja, I., Swaminathan, R., Babu, K. S., & Basha, S. S. (2012). Nutritional analysis of nuts extract of Juglans regia. International Journal of Bioassays, 1(10), 68-73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/ijbio.2012.10.001
Sukhdev, S. H., Suman, P. S. K., Gennaro, L. & Dev, D. R. (2008). Extraction Technologies for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. United Nation Industrial Development Organization and the International Center for Science and High Technology, pp 116.
Thoppil, R. J., & Bishayee, A. (2011). Terpenoids as potential chemopreventive and therapeutic agents in liver cancer. World Journal of Hepatology, 3(9), 228-249. https://doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v3.i9.228
Wiegand, I., Hilpert, K. & Hancock, R. (2008). Agar and broth dilution methods to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of antimicrobial substances. Nature Protocols, 3, 163-175. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2007.521
Zakavi, F., Hagh, L. G., Daraeighadikolaei, A., Sheikh, A. F., Daraeighadikolaei, A., & Shooshtari, Z. L. (2013). Antibacterial effect of Juglans regia bark against oral pathologic bacteria. International Journal of Dentistry, 2013, 854765. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/854765
Zhao, M. H., Jiang, Z. T., Liu, T., & Li, R. (2014). Flavonoids in Juglans regia L. leaves and evaluation of in vitro antioxidant activity via intracellular and chemical methods. The Scientific World Journal, 2014, 303878. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/303878

How to Cite

Aadil Wani, Manish Kumar. Antimicrobial Activity of Juglans regia Root Bark Extracts. J. Pharm. Technol. Res. Manag.. 2020, 08, 59-65

Antimicrobial Activity of Juglans regia Root Bark Extracts

Current Issue

Periodicity	Biannually
Issue-1	May
Issue-2	November
ISSN Print	2321-2217
ISSN Online	2321-2225
RNI No.	CHAENG/2013/50088

OA Policy

Publisher's policy of the journal at Sherpa UK for the submitted, accepted, and published articles. Click OAPolicy

Plan-S Compliance

To check compliance, one has to use the Journal Check Tool (JCT). This tool provided by cOAlition S (European funders) for the researchers (fundee) to check the compliance with the journal.

Recommend journal to your library

You can recommend the journal being a researcher or faculty member to your library. We will post a copy of the Journal to your library on your behalf at free of cost.
Click here: Recommend Journal

Preprint Arxiv Submission

The authors are encouraged to submit the author’s copy (preprint) to appropriate preprint archives e.g. https://arxiv.org and/or on https://indiarxiv.org or institutional repositories (e.g., D Space) before paper acceptance by the editor of Journal. After publications of the paper author(s) should mention the citation information, title and abstract along with DOI number of the publication carefully on the required page of the depository(ies).

Contact: Phone: +91-172-2741000, +91-172-4691800

Email : editor.jptrm@chitkara.edu.in;

Abstract and Indexing

Information

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Articles in Journal of Pharmaceutical Technology, Research and Management (J. Pharm. Tech. Res. Management) by Chitkara University Publications are Open Access articles that are published with licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- CC-BY 4.0 International License. Based on a work at https://jptrm.chitkara.edu.in/. This license permits one to use, remix, tweak and reproduction in any medium, even commercially provided one give credit for the original creation.

View Legal Code of the above-mentioned license, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode

View Licence Deed here https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/